Throughout these mast-lowering discussions over the past couple of
years, I have yet to see any mention of just how tricky this exercise
can be, the more so in any kind of sea and when the mast is top-heavy
with added equipment. Since my experience is limited to sailboat masts,
perhaps I'm suggesting a problem that doesn't exist on trawlers.
However, the geometry is such that as the mast is lowered, a surprising
load comes on suddenly after the mast tips past about 20 degrees from
vertical. And if the boat is rolling even slightly, as soon as the
side-stays start to slack, there will be a tendency for the mast to
oscillate from side-to-side, making it that much more difficult to
control. Since the tabernacle fastenings aren't designed for
side-loading or against tear-out, the potential for big-time damage is
high.
If these problems do exist for your situation, there are a couple of
easy solutions to both. To manage the load, a gin pole - any aluminum
tube strong enough to handle the compression loads - about 3/4 the
length of the mast can be stepped in the mast's tabernacle. A line from
the top of the mast - I usually used the jib halyard - is run over the
end of the gin pole through a snatch block in the direction opposite the
mast's travel. Assuming for the purposes of example that you are
lowering the mast toward the rear of the boat, the gin pole goes forward
of the mast as does the line. The gin pole should be tipped forward at
about a 45 degree angle to the mast. As the mast is lowered and the load
comes on the line, the gin pole moves with it to a more vertical
position and takes up that load safely. To prevent any side-to-side
motion, stays should be rigged from as high as possible on the mast to
either side and attached at points LEVEL/LEVEL with the tabernacle pivot
point. The level attachment points ensure that the stays do not go slack
as the mast is lowered and that, of course, prevents any side-to-side
movement.
This operation is a lot more complicated to describe than it is to do,
and once you've got it set up is easy to repeat and always safe.
I suggest you try your first lowering and raising on a calm day tied to
the dock, and rig a block and tackle just in case you are surprised at
how heavy that mast becomes as it tips. That "perfect situation" will
tell you immediately whether you need to institute the safety measures
noted above.
Cheers, Garrett