Bob and All,
Just thinking out loud.......
Bob, you didn't say if you want to put a boom on the new mast, so I will
assume you do.
First, precautions:
When you put a mast with a boom and sail on any boat that has not had one
that was used with a sail, you have to make sure that the deck/cabintop or
whatever you step it onto is capable of handling the compression loads that a
mast can generate. This is not just the deadweight of the mast, boom, sail,
radar, antennas, guy wires/rigging and such, but also the forces created by
the sail. The bigger the sail the more force for a given wind. Also, the
standing rigging/shroud/guy attachment points on the boat must be able to
withstand the load while remaining water/weatherproof, i.e., they don't work
loose and break the seal, thus allowing water into the boat.
Do not go for a very high mast, as, unless you ballast the boat, it will
be quite tender (tippy) in any wind if the sail is up. Also, remember the
mast and weight aloft becomes a pendulum. Use as long a boom as is
aesthetically possible. This will move the center of pressure as far aft as
possible (assuming you are not trying to use the sail for anything other than
steadying the boat while under way or to prevent the boat from "sailing" when
at anchor) while giving you a long arm to reach out over the edge of the deck
to lift things from the dock or water. At any rate, make sure the center of
pressure on the sail is aft of your center of lateral resistance for the boat
relative to the water, i.e., make sure the boat will turn into the wind if a
strong gust hits it when the sail is up.
Assuming the underlying structure can carry the load:
Rig the mast like most sailboats, that is, put a spreader bar about 2/3
of the way up the mast (or, at least about 7 feet up, giving clearance to
walk under it) and bring the shrouds down to the gunnels. This will give you
walking room (as the spreaders will push the shrouds out so they drop almost
vertically to the deck and even provide a handhold on each side of the boat.
If you carefully calculate the loads (get a marine architect to do this who
has experience with sailboats) you can get away with having only 3 guys on
the mast, they are supposedly placed approximately 120 degrees apart, but the
aft two can be moved forward quite a bit, as long as the sail area/windloads
are carefully calculated. To envision this, look at any sailboat with a
mizzen mast.
Rig the boom so that it can be hoisted to and secured in a vertical
position when not in use. This will give you space to enjoy lounging or a
place to store stuff (dinghy) aft of the mast. To envision this, look at a
large sailboat equipped with downwind poles which are permanently mounted on
the mast and stored in a vertical position. You can leave a steadying sail
mounted on the boom if you have a tight cover over it to reduce windage as
well as prevent sun damage to the sail. If possible, make the boom long
enough to extend past the edge of the hull when laid over against the
shrouds. This will allow you to put a block on the bottom of the boom and use
it to haul things aboard from a dock or the water. The topping lift (cable
assembly used to hold the boom up) and shrouds must be strong enough to carry
the weight of the boom, wet sail, and any other load you impose on it when
using the boom/mast as a crane.
Boom control could be most easily provided by using a split block and tackle
arrangement using two pad-eyes attached on the cabin-top, one on each side.
Run the control line from the mast to the block on the boom, then down to a
block on one pad-eye, up to the block on the boom, down to another block on
the other pad-eye and back up to the block on the boom where it is attached.
A better setup would use two block and tackles, each going from the boom to
one of the pad-eyes. This would permit the boom to be pulled down tightly to
flatten the sail when using it as a riding sail when at anchor. It is best if
the boom cannot move from side to side. Use snatch blocks on the pad-eyes to
allow easy removal when storing the boom vertically.
Variations on the theme:
If the new mast height will add additional problems, you can step the
mast using a tabernacle. That is a special base that, while supporting the
mast, will allow you to lower the mast to clear bridges, etc. Set it up so
that the mast drops aft, so that your radar antenna would be protected by
being on top of the mast when in the "down" position. The tabernacle can be
made so that it is quite high, say 5-6' at the top, but with the hinge pin at
the bottom. (A cut-out section of larger sail mast would work for this
purpose.) This would give you a lever arm to raise and lower the mast, using
a small trailer-type winch. The forward shroud/guy should have a quick
release connection to facilitate this. To envision a tabernacle of this type,
ask an amateur radio operator to show you a picture of a ham antenna made
this way. They are usually called "self raising" and are fairly common.
Another word of caution: If you use a tabernacle of this type, all the load
of the mast when raising or lowering it will be on the tabernacle base; so a
temporary forward guy on the tabernacle is recommended. This could be a
simple cable assembly such as is used on sailboat lifeline gates.
General thoughts:
Any sail rig on a power boat not designed for it will, at best, be a
compromise. If well thought out, designed and built, on a boat that is
capable of handling it, there should be a positive net gain in the
utility/comfort of the boat, provided all safety considerations are made,
such as a means of quickly dumping the sail if need be. On the other hand, it
could make the boat very unstable as well as damage it by imposing loads in
places that were not designed for them. Any modifications of this sort should
be designed by a competent marine architect/engineer. I would never recommend
someone inexperienced with sailboats attempt this on a power boat without
first seeking competent advice relative to his specific boat.
Wayne
M/V Celestial
Albin 43 Sundeck